Miscellaneous 2007-2009 docs

Welcome to the Gibson 2007-2009 miscellaneous large documents folder!

Why hydrogravitational dynamics (HGD) papers of Gibson and Schild are not published in the Astrophysical Journal. Review by Ethan Vishniac (pdf) , with comments. See also the HTML version of the Vishniac review. Rejection letter of Astrophysical Journal Scientific (ApJ) Editor Edward L. (Ned) Wright after 18 months of email exchanges about the first submitted Gibson and Schild paper to ApJ. The initial version of our paper is in the astro-ph archive. I tried unsuccessfully to explain that linear perturbation stability analysis cannot be applied to non-linear systems such as self gravitational instability, just as it cannot be applied to the formation of turbulence. Both processes are absolutely unstable and must be treated differently than linear processes. Professor Wright's derivation is brilliant mathematics, but is quite irrelevant to the intrinsically non-linear problems that dominate self gravitational structure formation in cosmology and astrophysics. Such derivations have always failed when applied to the turbulence problem.

A critical issue in all studies of turbulence, turbulent mixing and turbulent transport processes is the definition of turbulence and the direction of the turbulence cascade. Hydrodynamic turbulence is usually defined vaguely by listing commonly accepted properties of turbulence such as its strongly diffusive nature and its randomness. Instead, I strongly recommend that turbulence be defined as an eddy-like state of fluid motion where the inertial vortex forces vxw of the eddies are larger than any other forces that tend to damp the eddies out, where v is velocity and w is vorticity. By this definition irrotational flows are non-turbulent and the turbulent kinetic energy cascade is always from small scales to large, as observed. This definition provides the physical mechanism behind Kolmogorovian universal similarity hypotheses and their extensions to turbulent mixing, fossil turbulence and fossil turbulence waves. Failure to understand turbulent transport mechanisms in stratified media such as the atmosphere can be deadly and expensive. The latest example is Air France 447, destroyed by the extremely intermittent but powerful turbulence of low latitudes (model). Vast oceanic undersampling errors of turbulence mixing and vertical transport rates result, as shown in this letter of Gregg, Sanford and Winkel (2003) in Nature that ignores Baker and Gibson (1987) warnings of undersampling errors due to the extreme intermittency of mixing near the equator. Garrett (2003) praises the Gregg et al. paper using an equivalently incorrect model for the interior mixing of the ocean where the cnergy cascade of both turbulence and internal waves are (incorrectly assumed to be) from large scales to small.

The entrainment process across a strong density interface is nicely illustrated by the paper of Cotel et al. (1997). The entrainment ratio for vertical jets vastly exceeds that for inclined jets because larger inertial vortex forces at the interface are produced by the vertical jet and a cascade of turbulence to larger Reynolds numbers at beginning of fossilization is permitted.

Astro-ph archived articles by Carl H. Gibson.

A-List articles (Mar. 1963 to Feb. 2009) by Carl H. Gibson

Published (A-list) articles from my latest bio-bibliography (November 26, 2008).

C-List articles by Carl H. Gibson (some with comments).

Pdf copies of works-in-progress (C-list BB Nov. 26, 2008) articles.

Papers supporting Hydrogravitational Dynamics (HGD) Cosmology (New Cosmology) claims that galaxy dark matter is primordial planets (PFPs) in protoglobularstarcluster (PGC) clumps and that gravitational fragmentation of the plasma began early (10^12 seconds) in the plasma epoch at supercluster mass (10^46 kg):

Jeans (1902) is the basis of "Old Cosmology." Jeans neglected viscosity, turbulence and diffusivity to obtain the Jeans acoustic length scale L_J = V_S T_G as the criterion for gravitational instability, where V_S is the sound speed and T_G is the gravitational free fall time. "New Cosmology" recognizes the key roles of viscosity, turbulence and diffusivity at all stages in the formation of the universe. Cold dark matter becomes unnecessary along with hierarchical clustering of CDM halos. Gravitational fragmentation of the plasma begins 10^12 seconds (30,000 years) after the big bang at density minima when the Schwarz viscous scale matches the horizon scale ct, where c is light speed and t is the time.

Labini, Vasilyev and Baryshev (2009) demonstrate from the Sloan Survey the non-existence of baryonic acoustic oscillations claimed previously to bolster the Cold Dark Matter halo model, where baryons as plasma fall without friction into CDM clumps and oscillate as undamped acoustic waves. Forget CDM and forget their clumps (halos). Forget hierarchical clustering (HC) of CDM. Forget CDMHC cosmological models.

Nieuwenhuizen (2009) shows neutrinos have mass about 10^-36 kg per particle, and may dominate the dark matter mass.

Dark matter planets produce extreme scattering events detected by radio telescopes. "It is broadly agreed that ESEs are not intrinsic variations but, rather, apparent flux changes that are caused by refracting elements, a few astronomical units in radius, crossing the line of sight" (Mark Walker and Mark Wardle 1998). Masses of the high velocity clouds indicate Jupiters with evaporated gas atmospheres.

Paper (Nils P. Basse 2008) connecting mm scale plasma turbulence observations to cosmological scale observations and theory.

Kolmogorov (1941) first two universal similarity hypotheses for turbulence.

Kolmogorov (1962) refines the first two similarity laws of turbulence to account for increased intermittency with Reynolds number.

Fossil turbulence papers:

Woods (1969) on fossil turbulence.

Fernando (2003) on sheared fossil turbulence patches.

Rotter, Fernando and Kit (2007) on laboratory tests of fossil turbulence, zombie turbulence and the critical stratified Reynolds number.

Physical oceanographers ridicule the idea that fossil turbulence remnants could include fossil velocity turbulence or fossil vorticity turbulence. "Museum attendance would decrease if (T. Rex) fossils could move" (D. Caldwell). See the evidence from Harbor seals, whose whiskers have adapted to detect fish wakes in the dark. Presumably seal wakes help Weddell seals find their rare breathing holes in fast ice during the dark of winter. Because fossil turbulence waves efficiently remove turbulent kinetic energy from fossil temperature or fossil salinity wakes of the fish prey, the size of the fossil vorticy turbulence wake and the seal whisker detectors are much larger than the seal mouth. Because of fossil turbulence internal waves, fossil turbulence wakes of all kinds are more persistent than the turbulence that creates them. Dehnhardt (2001) puts seal wake detection skills to test in a laboratory tank.

Classic unpublished papers:

Gibson and Imberger (1992), "Formation of Turbulence on a Tilted Density Interface: Laboratory Studies and Oceanographic Implications"

Bershadskii and Gibson (1994), "Sweeping Interactions and Intermittency"

Robey et al. (Talanov IAP) "Experimental study of internal waves generated by a sphere moving in a stratified fluid with a thermocline"

Recent papers:

Tadpole galaxy merger. Star wakes and young globular cluster wakes for this merger of galaxy components clearly shows the dark matter halo of the central galaxy VV29a is composed of proto-globular-cluster clumps of baryonic-dark-matter primordial planets.

Gibson/Schild Stephan Quintet galaxy cluster preprint. This compact group of galaxies with highly anomalous redshifts (noticed by Geoff and Margaret Burbidge 40 years ago) can be explained as an end-on view of a linear galaxy cluster, formed by fragmentation of the primordial plasma along turbulent vortex lines at the Nomura scale 10^20 meters. Protogalaxies and galaxies stick together due to PGC-viscosity friction despite the expansion of the universe.

Gibson 2008 JAFM article about dark matter and the Nomura scale of protogalaxies. J. Appl. Fluid Mech.
(2008, 2(1), 1-8, www.jafmonline.net), astro-ph/0606073v4 pdf

Gibson/Schild paper for Astronomical Journal "Interpretation of the Helix Planetary Nebula using Hydro-Gravitational-Dynamics: Planets and Dark Energy"( JPG version)

Axis of Evil Schild/Gibson preprint draft January 31, 2008. Astro-ph 0802.3229 submitted to ApJL. New Scientist html . Reply to Referee's Report to Editor of ApJL (nasty).

Arkady Tsinober book "An informal introduction to turbulence" (30 megabyte pdf file).

Tsinober turbulence seminar series.

Informal fluid mechanics seminar January 23, 2008. (17 megabyte powerpoint)

Physical Oceanography Research Division (PORD) seminar "What is turbulence and which way does it cascade?" Feb. 6, 2008 html

Keeler, Bondur Gibson GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 32, L12610, doi:10.1029/2005GL022390, 2005 pdf

Gibson, Bondur, Keeler, Leung 2006 (ISSN 0973-1784 Vol.2, No.2 (2006), pp.171-212) IJDF article on "Remote Sensing of Submerged Oceanic Turbulence and Fossil Turbulence" pdf .

Gibson, Keeler, Bondur, Leung, Prandke, Vithanage 2007 (SPIE conf. proc. San Diego Aug. 2007) "Remote sensing of submerged turbulence with optical satellites" pdf

Gibson, Bondur, Keeler, Leung 2008 (Vol. 1, No.1, pp. 11-42) JAFM article on "Energetics of the Beamed Zombie Turbulence Maser Action Mechanism for Remote Detection of Submerged Oceanic Turbulence".

Gibson, Keeler, Bondur 2008, SPIE News "Vertical stratified turbulent transport mechanism indicated by remote sensing" pdf .

Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M., Gibson, C. H. and Schild, R. E., "Gravitational hydrodynamics of large scale structure formation", EPL 2009

(accepted!).

International Eurasian Academy of Sciences Gold Medal, awarded in Moscow June 20, 2008.

Practical Problems of Cosmology 2008 conference in St. Petersburg, Russia, June 23-27, 2008 scientific program.

Gibson-1-ppc08.pdf preprint. Hydro-Gravitational-Dynamics Interpretation of the Tadpole VV29 Merging Galaxy System: Dark-Matter-Halo-Planet Star-Cluster Wakes 3/25/08 (0.9 Mb). Microsoft word version (5.8 Mb). Rich Text version (37 Mb).

GibsonSchild-1-ppc08.pdf preprint (0.9 Mb). Planets and Dark Energy. Microsoft word version.(6 Mb). Rich Text version (40 Mb).

http://www.zazzle.com/no_dark_energy_magnet-147187814581204810

Schild, R. E., "Why Are Some Quasars Radio Loud?" preprint. (300 Kb).

PowerPoint Presentations: Moscow June 20, ISINTEK, Turbulence in Natural Fluids: An Inverse Cascade; St. Petersberg June 24, Tadpole ; June 25, Helix

Presentations by Rudy Schild about evidence contradicting the standard black hole concept versus MECOs ( magnetosphere eternally collapsing objects): Talk1, Talk2

Physics Today April 2008

April 2008 Physics Today feature article "Cosmic sound waves rule" by Daniel J. Eisenstein and Charles L Bennett illustrates the key ideas of "Old Cosmology". Because the Jeans scale is larger than the horizon scale ct of causal connection, where c is the speed of light and t is the time since the big bang, the nonbaryonic (neutrino like) dark matter is assumed to be cold so it can have a small Jeans scale L_J < ct and gravitationally condense during the plasma epoch where the Jeans scale of the plasma L_J = V_S/(rho G)/^1/2 is > ct. V_S is the speed of sound and decreases with temperature giving CDM seeds that are assumed to condense in the plasma and attract plasma by gravity causing the large sonic peak observed in the cosmic microwave background. New cosmology says even if CDM exists it won't condense because it must be extremely diffusive from its small collision cross section compared to the baryonic matter (protons, alpha particles, electrons). The viscosity of the plasma is enormous because it is caused by photon collisions with electrons on large scales and the electrons drag along the ions to maintain electrical neutrality (nu = 4 x 10^26 m^2 s^-1). Any CDM induced sounds will be very small and rapidly damped out by this huge photon viscosity. The sonic peak is real and very large. It causes dT/T fluctuations of 10^-5. Such large temperature fluctuations from sound if they were in air in the audible range would be at the threshold of pain for humans. Their source from New Cosmology is the formation of the first gravitational structure at time t=10^12 seconds by fragmentation (void formation) at the Schwarz viscous scale L_SV=(nu gamma / rho G)^1/2 at density minima in the plasma. The voids expand as rarefaction waves limited by the sound speed in the plasma c/3^1/2. This is the source of the very loud "Cosmic sound" discussed in the Physics Today article, not CDM. See comments on the article.

Math notes for introductory fluid mechanics.

Powerpoint presentations:

Adam Young lecture on coping with California Coastal Errosion. October 4, STPA 2007 Fall.

Gibson seminar October 4, 2007, Imperial College of London, "What is turbulence and which way does it cascade?"Arkady Tsinober lecture series on turbulence 2008.

Charlie Kennel lecture on "Ocean Blues", October 18, STPA 2007 Fall.

Book New Cosmology II.

APS/DFD abstract Nov. 23, 2009, Minneapolis meeting. "What is turbulence and which way does it cascade?"

Presentation APS/DFD Minneapolis (20 Mb).

Personal pictures:

Oosterdam cruise Feb. 23-Mar. 1 2008 Mexico (39MB pdf file).

Physical Oceanography Seminars

Turbulent Mixing and Beyond 2009, ICTP Trieste, Italy, July 27 to August 5: